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Gruner + Jahr
Gruner + Jahr AG & Co KG is Europe's largest printing and publishing firm. It is headquartered in Hamburg.
==History==
Originally founded on 1 August 1948 as the Henri Nannen publishing house, Gruner + Jahr was created in 1965 from a merger by acquisition, by publishers John Jahr Sr. and Gerd Bucerius joining the printing firm of Richard Gruner. In 1969, Richard Gruner retired, and thanks to the entrepreneurship of Reinhard Mohn, Bertelsmann acquired 25% of the ownership. Over the next fifteen years, the firm grew by expansion, acquisition (publishers Kindler & Schiermeier) and merger (Spiegel Verlag and Motor-Presse Verlag). By 1976, Bertelsmann owned a 74.9% stake, and the Hamburg publishing family Jahr owned 25.1%, a balance which has been maintained through 2007.
In 1978, Gruner + Jahr became the first German publishing house to expand into other European and International markets. Over the next twenty years, publishing houses in France, the USA, and Spain were purchased, and a number of new magazines were started in Germany including ''Impulse'', ''Schöner Essen'', and ''Gala''. In 1990 Gruner + Jahr moved into its new headquarter at Neustadt's Baumwall, a large, metal clad office complex designed by Otto Steidle. In 2005, Gruner + Jahr exited the U.S. magazine business, selling its women's magazine portfolio to the Meredith Corporation and its business magazine portfolio to Mansueto Ventures. In 2005-2006, Gruner + Jahr participated in the ''Du bist Deutschland'' marketing campaign.
In 2006, Gruner + Jahr surpassed Hubert Burda Media to become the largest European publisher, based on market share.〔(9 February 2007) "Neun Gewinner und ein Verlierer" ''Kress Reports'' Kressverlag gmbh, p. 16〕
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